Te Kopara 57
[3] Te Kopara, Number 57, Gisborne, 12 July, 1918.
‘Iti te Kopara, kai takirikiri ana i runga i te Kahikatea.’
Although the Bellbird is small, he plucks at the Kahikatea. [cf Nga Pepeha 908]
THE SPEECH OF THE BISHOP TO THE AREA HUI OF THE MAORI CHURCH OF THE ARCHDEACONRY OF WAIAPU, HELD AT TE ARAROA ON 20TH FEBRUARY, 1918.
To my friends in the position of ministers and the lay representatives: We have come together to look for ideas and to make plans. Although we do not have authority to make laws of wide application, much good will come to us from our talking together, our discussions, as we get to know what others are thinking and share our own thoughts about matters relating to the spiritual side and about things which will improve the lives of the Maori People. And it is appropriate that the matters about which we reach conclusions are brought before the main Synod of our Diocese.
The attendance of so many of the Maori clergy at the last Synod was greatly appreciated as was their participation in the discussions at that Synod.
1. Stipends for Maori Clergy.
The first matter that I want to raise with you is one that all of us can help with, stipends for the Maori clergy. You perhaps know that the stipend for a Priest is £100 a year and that for a Deacon is £80 a year. On some places the parishes are paying more, as when there is no food for the horse or money is added to pay for travel costs. As the cost of everything has gone up during this time of war the Diocese has given a gift to all the Maori clergy, adding £5 to the stipend. Another amount of £6 has been added to the stipends of the ministers of the Maori section of this Diocese. That money came from the Board of Trustees of the Lands of the Church of New Zealand. That Board has given a similar amount to the Maori ministers of the Dioceses of Auckland and Wellington. But this money was the fortunate outcome of the Board’s business dealings and they found that they had a large surplus. But do not hope that a similar amount will be made available each year.
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Help is also given to clergy with children. It is now a year since the Standing Committee of the Diocese decided to arrange for the payment of £5 for each child until they reached the age of fourteen. After this age the payment of this amount may be continued if the Inspector and the Bishop agree.
At the last Synod the Synod agreed to this motion: ‘Since the price of everything has gone up and it is known that the Maori ministers are having difficulty in paying their debts in these days, this Synod is of a mind: (a) To expedite ways of increasing their stipends and that the minimum amount to be paid to an unmarried deacon should be £80 and for a married deacon £100 along with the money appropriate for any children. Single priests should be paid £100 and married priests £120 with the extra portion for the children. (b) To take into account the expenses involved in running each individual parish. (c) To provide clergy houses for each parish, the parishes to purchase the interior furnishings, which will be the property of the parish.’
These motions were supported by the whole Synod, an indication that the Diocese does not forget the problems of the Maori People. I have pointed out above that the Diocese has demonstrated its concern by making an ex gratia payment during this time of war and has taken note of the children. The reason why I have given an extensive account of this matter is to point out to you that the Synod’s motion will not come to fruition unless you Maori people give considerable help. Bear in mind that over the past few years the Maori parishes have been reorganised on this basis: (1) Maori Parishes. (2) Mission areas. The parishes are those areas where the faith has long been established. In these areas it is right that the parish should meet all its own expenses. As for Mission areas like Ruatoki where the faith has only recently arrived, it is right that such areas should be helped.
I am sad to say that some of the parishes of this Archdeaconry are not yet meeting the costs that they should be covering by themselves. Some are doing well and those parishes are meeting all the costs with respect to the stipends of their ministers. These are the accounts of the parishes for the year ending 30th June, 1917. Contributed by the
Parish of Turanga £110 0 8
Parish of Whangara 58 10 0
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Parish of Tokomaru 81 10 0
Parish of Te Kaha 35 0 0
But there are some parishes that have sent nothing towards clergy stipends – Kawakawa and Waiapu. In the accounts, Hikurangi appeared in that list, but after they were printed all the money from that parish arrived. I cannot believe that it is out of a lack of sympathy with the work of the Church that these parishes have not contributed to the stipends of the clergy. Perhaps they just forget. However the accounts of the Maori Church have suffered because of this situation. So one sees in the accounts of the Maori Church a total indebtedness on the Maori side of £488 8 8. My hope is that these parishes will set about paying their individual debts for the year 1917 and so lightening the heavy burden you have laid upon the Maori Church. If each parish makes an effort to pay its individual allocation then we will be able to fulfil the motion of the Diocesan Synod to increase the clergy stipends. Here I thank all the parishes that have provided stipends of their ministers. The report on the amount of money given for clergy stipends in the Hawkes Bay area for the year ending 30th June, 1917, is as follows:
Moteo Parish No payment.
Waipatu Parish £30
Waipawa Parish £5.
But you should know that the people of Heretaunga have increased their Clergy Stipend Fund. The amount they have raised is between £300 and £400. I applaud their efforts and hope that they will continue their good work in the coming year. But you who are seeking to increase your Fund, do not forget to provide stipends for the clergy in the coming year.
(To be continued.)
MORE NEWS.
The land of Palestine, that is, of Canaan, has been hit by famine. It is said that the northern part of that land, Damascus and other towns, is the area suffering most from lack of food. People have started to eat grass. Hundreds of orphan children are wandering around without food or clothing.
The owners of the Wimmera, the wrecked ship, have agreed to pay £1000 to help the survivors of that disaster.
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MANUTUKE HUI.
The Hui of the Management Committee of the Fund for the Maori Soldiers was held at Manutuke on Tuesday, 11th June.
Members Attending: Lady Carroll (Heni Materoa) Presidnet, Hon Ngata, Dr Wi Repa, H Te Kani Pere, Oita Te Hau, Teoti Omana, Teo Kara, Paraire Tomoana, Iraia Te Whaiti, Sir Timi Kara, and the Secretary, W Tutepuaki Piti.
The Minutes of the Committee Meeting held in April were read. – Agreed.
Letters and papers, those received and those sent, were read.
The Secretary showed the accounts from 1st January 1918 up to the date of the Hui. The money in the bank in January was £2,059/17/0; the amount paid into the bank from then until now was £10,132/19/0; a total of £12,192/16/0. The money used in that period on the Station for purchasing cattle and other things amounted to £10,455/15/9. The remainder in the bank is £1,737/0/3. A total of £12,192/16/0. The details were laid out for the meeting. Passed.
The Honourable Ngata stood and explained to the Committee and the gathering about the cows. Nine hundred and two (902) were bought for $7,262/15/6. Add the payment of the drovers and this rose to £7,345/8/0. These cattle are now roaming about at Waipiro. There is no charge for pasturage. He ended by considering the stockmen.
Honourable Ngata moved and Sir Timi Kara seconded a motion that those looking after those cattle should be paid £150 a year, that is, £50 each a year. Agreed.
Concerning Hereheretau. Honourable Ngata moved and Sir Timi Kara seconded: ‘That a letter be written to the Minister for Maori Affairs and to the Minister for Lands asking for the division between Maori and the Crown be expedited.’ Agreed.
Concerning the Takitimu Hui. The Honourable Ngata explained that some money, amounting to £600, needed to be spend on purchasing implements, and he moved that the Management Committee of the Fund make £600 available to the Separate Committee [i runga ano i nga tikanga initereti.] Seconded by Paraire Tomoana. Agreed.
Licences to Collect Money. Honourable Ngata moved and Sir Timi Kara seconded: ‘That the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Dominion be asked to appoint Dr Wi Repa to issue certificates permitting people to collect money on behalf of the Council Managing the Trust Fund for Maori Soldiers within the Horouta Council District.’ Agreed.
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At this point there was an explanation of the obligations and the legal restrictions around the matter of collecting for the Fund. As for collecting money to meet the debts of the marae one should either write to the Secretary or to the member of the Council for the Fund in the area.
Helping the Soldiers. Dr Wi Repa moved and Lady Carroll seconded: ‘That the discussion on this matter be open to all.’ Agreed. Those who spoke on the subject were: Honoutable Ngata, Sir Timi Kara, Hetekia Te Kani Pere, Dr Wi Repa,, Honourable Tupaea, Materoa Reedy, Tame Halbert, Henare Ruru. Taranaki Te Ua, Lady Carroll, Paraiere Tomoana.
Dr Wi Repa moved and H Te Kani Pere seconded: ‘That help be given to the young Maori within the Tairawhiti Electorate; eligibility to be determined from genealogy.’ Agreed.
Materoa Reedy said that the Managing Council should bear in mind when giving aid how all soldiers should be treated equally – those who gave their lives while some luckily survived and some were wounded. When the collection was made the elderly men and women were all of the same mind in saying that all should be treated the same. Given this situation it is right that the decision should be clear. Others spoke to the matter.
Since it was not known how much money there will be to distribute this matter was deferred until a later hui in the hope that by then it will be known how much or how little there will be to distribute.
Concerning the Capital Sum and its management. The Honourable Ngata explained that the Capital will be carefully managed and will remain together as security for the work. Only its interest will be dedicated to the soldiers. All agreed with that plan.
The Honourable Ngata moved and H Te Kani Pere seconded: ‘That the Maori Council set up a Committee of twelve members to make careful enquiries and to discuss [?this question] and to send their report to the Secretary of the Fund to be assessed by the Council.’
The Hui rose at 4.30 p.m.
The Committee met again at 6.45 p.m. The Honourable A T Ngata in the Chair.
The Secretary explained the situation regarding the Office of the Fund.. He said that it was right to set up a suitable office for this project where the books can be safely kept to do away with anxiety about them being lost by fire or whatever,
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and where the work can be efficiently done. Now the daunting work has begun of making a list of all the young Maori of the Tairawhiti Ectorate wh have gone to the war.
The Honourable Ngata stood and gave a long explanation in support of the Secretary’s appeal for the provision of an office room so that the papers relating to this project are not destroyed by fire.
He also explained that a group was planning to set up a club called the Te Tairawhiti Club, and that the Committee was planning to build a Club building in which there would be space for an Office for the Fund. If the Managing Council agree to lease an office for the Fund there that would be good. The main work of the Tairawhiti Club is to help collect money for the Fund and to provide elderly women and men with a place to rest when they come to town to do their various tasks. If the club makes a profit from that work they will be ina better position to set aside a place to help the Fund and reduce the rent on the office. – Many people spoke about this matter.
The Honourable Ngata moved and P Tomoana seconded: ‘That the Council set about finding an office suitable for its work, and if they can get an office in the club building spoken of that would be good. The rent for the office should not exceed £5 a week.’ Agreed.
At this point the Honourable Ngata explained the work of the soldiers’ farm at Hoata. It was doing well. What is being waited for is a quick realisation of the value of the wool which is still lying at Torere.
The business ended here.
Friday, 14th June, 1918.
Some motions passed by the Servants of the four canoes – Horouta, Takitimu, Kahungunu and Tamatea.
It was understood that the Hui wanted this lest the returns be [ngawari - ?light]. The Committee of the Hui did not want to wait until the Committee showed a profit before providing the implements.
Dr Wi Repa moved and Hori Tupaea seconded: ‘That there be no more debts paid from the Fund for the Maori Soldiers.’ Agreed.
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There was a short explanation from the Secretary of the Fund that the Fund had not give money to anyone else.
Dr Wi Repa moved and Taranaki Te Ua seconded: ‘That Lady Carroll, Apirana Ngata, H Te Kani Pere and Pita Te Hau be security for the money expended to buy implements.’ Agreed.
Elucidation: If the Managing Committee at one of its meetings passes such a motion it is authoritative.
ARCHDEACONRY OF TAURANGA.
On 7th June, the Bishop arrived in Tauranga. This was hie annual visit to the Bay of Plenty.For Morning Prayer on Sunday, 9th June, the Bishop went to the Pakeha gathering where he confirmed seventeen. At 3 o.clock in the afternoon he went to the Maori gathering where he confirmed ten. One day the Bishop, the Archdeacon, the Rev P H Munro and the Rev Waaka went to Motiti, an island off Tauranga. The people of this place met for worship and to talk about things they wanted to. But the main thing they spoke about to the Bishop was their desire to build a church for themselves. The starting fund of £104 was in the bank. The Bishop supported the project and then added £50 to the fund. Te Patuwai now have a total of £154 towards their church. The Archdeacon supports the project; he will provide the ship to transport the timber to Motiti. On Tuesday the Bishop and his fellow-clergy returned by way of Matapihi to Tauranga. At Te Matapihi one of the churches is being built. The foundation has been laid. This part of the Maori Church is strongly committed to erecting their buildings. Some carvings and other ancestral works will be incorporated in that church. On the Wednesday the Bishop, accompanied by the Rev H P Munro, went to Te Puke.
W A Te Waaka.
HUI AT TE HAUKE, 1ST & 2ND JUNE, 1918.
The Agenda of the Church.
1. The Bishop’s Church (Maori Cathedral). Tuahine, Hori Tupaea, Mohi, Te Katene and Peneti spoke on this subject. Kato Nepe expressed his desire to erect a church
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at Te Waipatu, saying, ‘I do not have a thousand pounds but I do have a thousand acres to dedicate to this project. The name of my land is Te Awarua.’ Peneti moved and Paraire Tomoana seconded: (a) ‘That this hui agrees with Kato Nepe’s proposal and this hui thanks him for his intention to undergird this project.’ (b) ‘That the Committee of the Parish of Te Waipatu be given responsibility for forwarding this project. The members of the Committee are Kato Nepe, Tangiora, Mohi, Paraire Tomoana, Taranaki Te Ua, Tuahine Renata, Tiu Ratima, Hori Tupaea and Peneti.’
2. Ministers’ Stipend Fund.
The Secretary presented the statement of funds of the parishes of Moteo, Te Waipatu, and Waipawa.
The stipend of the Minister for the year ending 30th June, 1918.
Parish of Moteo.
Moteo £500 0 0
Omahu 500 0 0
Waiohiki 500 0 0
1/3 Irene Donnelly 333 6 8
¼ New Fund 152 10 0
Total £1,985 16 8
5% interest on £1,985 £99 5 10 Stipend for the Minister £121 14 9
Remainder paid 22 6 11
£121 14 9 £121 14 9
Parish of Te Waipatu
Ngati Hori £1,100 0 0
Waimarama 250 0 0
1/3 Irene Donnelly 333 6 8
½ New Fund 152 10 0
Total £1835 16 8
5% interest on £1,835 99 15 10 Stipend for the Minister £111 13 2
Remainder paid. 19 17 0
£111 13 2 £111 13 2
Parish of Waipawa
Waipawa £262 0 0
H Rapaea 100 0 0
1/3 Irene Donnelly 333 6 8
£695 6 8
5% interest on £695 £34 15 4 Stipend for the Minister £104 9 4
Remainder paid 69 14 0
£104 9 4 £104 9 4
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Church Army. The Sale Day has been set for 6th July.
Confirmations by the Bishop. At Moteo on 7th July and in part of the Parish of Waipawa on 28th July.
Revival Committee. Tuahine moved and Paora seconded: ‘That Taranaki Te Ua, Hori Tupaea, and Peneti be a Revival Committee to stir up the weak parts of the Parish.’
Peneti, Secretary.
MEMORIAL STONE FOR WI PERE.
At the Hui at Manutuke on 11th & 12th June we were able to see a picture of the stone that has been seen by a group of people and thought to be suitable as a memorial stone for Wi. Hetekia Te Kani Pere agreed that a memorial stone should be like that. The gathering agreed.
On Friday, 14th June, people saw it and praised it and agreed that it should be made. The Government will pay for half the stone and the Tribe for half.
The next-of-kin has agreed that the stone be erected in Gisborne. The Secretary (Tutepuaki Piti) has sent a request to the Borough Council that the memorial stone be placed in part of the Rahui beside the River Taruheru. That request has been agreed to but first the leaders of the Borough and those of the Management Committee are to meet to make arrangements.
WAR NEWS.
The Italians.
In last month’s edition of Te Kopara it was said that the Austrians were preparing their whole army for an offensive to defeat the Italians. Austria’s plan was to get to one of the large cities called Venice. The Austrian offensive began on 24th June. The army advanced with as many as five hundred thousand men. But from the time the Austrians advanced the Italian General had put all his efforts into holding their defences. He was not prepared to allow the two sides to engage in battle. The Austrian assault went on for four days. At that time the rain started and the river flooded. It is said that at this time the Italians revealed their strength. They turned back the Austrian advance. After they had turned them back they pursued them and there was a great battle. The total number of the enemy who were killed was 20,000.
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Many guns, much food, and other provisions were captured by the Italians. At present the Italians continue to move forward. When the news arrived in the capital city of Austria that their people had fled and their soldiers were being killed, the whole nation was distressed. Their king went to pacify their anguish.
Russia.
Russian thinking is returning to being strongly on the side of the Allies. Many men have turned to fight against Russia under the direction of Germany. There are 50,000 German regular soldiers in one of the large Russian territories. There is a possibility that that army will attack Russia.
Kerensky said, when he lost the Premiership, that he would stay in the Russian capital. However he hid in that city, paying people not to reveal his whereabouts. From 1917 to 1918, for a whole year he lived like this, seeking information about the troubles afflicting the Russian people. On 25th January of this year he fled to one of the large Russian cities, Moscow. There he learned the true thoughts of the nation. The people were saying that in no way would they submit to Germany. It would be better that they should die rather than submit to German laws. This is a sign that, if all of Russia thinks the same, the Allies will eventually be able to avenge their sufferings.
The American Army.
The American President has announced that now the number of American soldiers on the field of battle has reached a million. In June a further 270,000 were sent, and by next year the number of American soldiers will reach four million.
THE ROLL OF HONOUR.
Died of Disease: Teweka Te Raina, Te Kaha, 15th June.
Rakapa Akena, Kahukura, 16th June.
Jerry Rata, Mangamuka, 20th June.
Wounded: Pita Tahitahi, Ahipara, 2nd June.
In Hospital: H Peka, Opotiki; P Wi, Wairoa North; W Otene, Ngongotaha; T Pirimi, Maketu; W S Rewa, Te Kopuru; H Rukingi, Ohinemutu.
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SHIPWRECK.
On 26th June we heard of the destruction of the ship Wimmera at Parengarenga, near Te Rerenga Wairua, in the Ngapuhi area. This ship belonged to the Huddart Parker Company. The ship had left Auckland and was sailing to Australia. It was nearly dawn, five o’clock, when an explosion like that of a mine was heard. The explosion happened in the ship’s engine room. Ten minutes after that explosion the steamer began to sink. The officers on the ship devoted their energy to getting the women and children onto the boats. There were twenty-four in each boat. The number of those who reached land were 15 women, 16 children, 16 men, 7 officers from the ship, 8 sailors, 11 engineers, and 12 stewards. A total of 85 survived. The Maori are making every effort to find survivors of that disaster. There are 56 people missing.
UNVEILING OF A MEMORIAL STONE.
This notice is to inform you that on 23rd August next, the memorial stone to Kereru will be unveiled at Ruatoki. The date printed in Te Kopara for June was wrong. But it has been set for the 25th August [sic]. The second purpose of this Hui is to collect money for the Fund in support of the Soldiers. Most of the Maori Members will attend – Sir Timi Kara, Doctor Pomare, and the Hon A T Ngata.
MORE NEWS.
In the speech of the Minister of War at Takiwira, in the Kaipara area, he gave the number of Maori who had gone to the war. In February 1915 the First Maori Contingent went. Since then 28 Maori contingents have gone. The number of men who have gone is 2,134. In addition there are the Maori from the Islands – 147 from Niue and 308 from Rarotonga. Twenty-five men from a small island called Gilbert are coming to the camp in Auckland. The number of soldiers in camp in Auckland now is 134 Maori and 90 from Rarotonga.
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A LETTER FROM CAPTAIN H TE WAINOHU.
To my Father [Rev F W Chatterton].
I received your letter of 14th March and was overjoyed and very happy at heart on seeing what you wrote. Please do not be distressed that I have been so long in answering your letter. I am not very good at writing letters.
Now Peni Hakiwai has arrived and during March he went to France. I went to England in December. The Rev Parata is one of our helpers and I have been assigned now to one of the camps (Christchurch, NZ Engineering Depot) where our Maori soldiers are. All the Maori soldiers come here and are given instruction in all the work before they go to France. Our camp is here and we are very well looked after. All the soldiers discharged from hospital come here. I go once a month to London to visit the hospitals at Walton, Hornchurch, Chelsea and others. All of them care very well for our Maori soldiers. Whatever problems arise, they talk to me about them. As it is the main problem I have to deal with affecting our Maori soldiers is restraining their desire to marry the English Pakeha women here. But this isn’t a problem. They are all very well, as am I. I am very fit and well. God graciously looks after the physical well-being of his servant. His is the strength, his is the goodness, and his name be praised.
It is likely that I will soon return to France. A letter has arrived from Peni Hakiwai saying that his is very unwell and asking me to return to France and for him to come back. Arona MacGregor is very well, he has really grown up now. I left him in France and he is very able. Te Rangihiroa is very well, however he has finished his work as a Major and has returned to being a doctor. He gave up his position because he was appointed second-in-command of the Maori. As a result his pay was reduced; his pay was 10/- a day. But he had been assured by those in charge that the Government would make up his pay to 10/- a day. The Government has not paid that stipend since the turn of the year. For this reason he has returned to his medical work. That’s all the main news at present. My best wishes to you. From your loving son.
Henare W Te Wainohu.
England, Hants, Christ Church.
14th May, 1918.
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SITTINGS OF THE MAORI LAND COURT, 1918.
Aotearoa (the North Island)
Tokerau ( Auckland)
Dargaville, Tuesday, 16th July
Auckland, Monday, 29th July
Russell, Wednesday, 28th August
Kohukohu, Wednesday, 11th September.
Waikato-Maniapoto
Auckland, Tuesday, 27th August
Thames, Tuesday, 10th September
Waiariki (Rotorua)
Rotorua, Thursday, 8th August
Te Kaha, Monday, 2nd September
Opotiki, Monday 16th September
Tairawhiti (Gisborne)
Tokomaru, Wednesday, 31st July
Manutahi, Wednesday, 21st August
Tikitiki, Wednesday, 4th September
Aotea (Whanganui)
Whanganui, Tuesday, 23rd July
Patea, Tuesday, 13th August
Whanganui, Tuesday, 3rd September
Marton, Tuesday, 17th September
Ikaroa (Wellington)
Greytown, Tuesday, 30th July
Hastings, Tuesday, 6th August
Palmerston, Levin & Otaki, Tuesday, 27th August
Wellington, Tuesday, 10th September
Te Waipounamu (the South Island)
Picton & Nelson, Tuesday, 24th September
RUATOKI MISSION HOUSE.
Tuhoe have given a piece of land, five acres in extent, for the erection of a school for their children. This gift was made to the Church because they want the Church to raise and teach their children. The children will sleep at this school and return to their homes when the holidays arrive. The one in charge of this school is a Pakeha woman who has lived for a long time with the Maori and knows the ways of the Maori and is also able to speak Maori. She is a woman who is skilled in teaching and bringing up children. She has excellent certification as a teacher in Government schools. The woman’s name is Miss Hare. The cost of the school which is being built is £1100. The Bishop has received £500. There remains £600 to be found. This is Te Kopara’s plea to those to whom God has given the goods of this world to remember your stewardship of God’s gifts and to show generosity in response to the call of the little flock within Tuhoe, calling out to you at this time, stretching out their hands towards the enlightenment we have received. Six hundred pounds after, the school will be ready to bless the children of Tuhoe. The amounts sent to Te Kopara will be published in our paper. The Bishop wants to build this house in September, so have kind thoughts.
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RULES OF THE PAPER.
1. Te Kopara is published monthly.
2. The subscription for the paper is five shillings (5/-) a year paid by postal note or stamps.
3. Anyone wishing to take Te Kopara should send the money with the covering letter to
Te Kopara,
Te Rau Press,
Gisborne.
4. All items you want printed in Te Kopara should be sent to the Editor,
Rev F A Bennett,
Kohupatiki,
Clive, Hawkes Bay.
A NOTICE
The Church Book Shop has been moved from Te Rau College to Napier. Those wishing to purchase Prayer Books, Hymn Books of Testaments should send their request to
The Secretary, Diocesan Office, Napier.
The prices are:
Large, soft cover 2/6
Large, red cover 3/-
Large, hard cover 4/-
Large, superior cover 5/6
Prayer Book with Hymns, soft cover 1/6
Prayer Book with Hymns, red cover 2/-
Prayer Book, New Testament and Hymns, superior cover, 5/6
People wanting a Bible or a New Testament should apply to the Bible Depository Sunday School Union, Auckland.
Bible, 2/6, 3/6, 4/6. Enclose a postage stamp for 1/-.
New Testament with explanatory headings. 2/6, 3/-, 4/6. Enclose a postage stamp for 3d.
Small New Testaments with Psalms, 2/-, 2/6, 3/-, 3/6, 4/-. Enclose a postage stamp for 3d.
People wanting to buy a Bible for themselves should write to the Rev F Spencer, Whanganui. He has Bibles and New Testaments of all qualities from soft covers to superior bindings.
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